personal justice
Justice between parties to a dispute, regardless of any larger principles that might be involved. — Also termed justice in personam.
Search Results for: personal justice
basse justice
basse justice (bahs zhoo-stees). [Law French “low justice”] Hist. A feudal lord’s right to personally try a person charged with a minor offense.
fair play and substantial justice
fair play and substantial justice. The fairness requirement that a court must meet in its assertion of personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant to comport with due process. International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 66 S.Ct. 154 (1945). See MINIMUM CONTACTS. [Cases: Constitutional Law 305(5). C.J.S. Constitutional Law § 1151.]
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social justice
Justice that conforms to a moral principle, such as that all people are equal. — Also termed justice in rem. Cf. personal justice.
Queen’s Bench
Queen’s Bench 〈英〉王座法庭 1875年司法改革之前英格兰的三个普通法中央法庭之一，另两个是民诉法庭〔Court of Common Pleas; Common Bench〕和财税法庭〔Court of Exchequer〕，它们都是依据不同分工从早期的御前会议〔Curia Regis〕中分离出来的。之所以称之为王座法庭，一方面是因为它是以国王的名义来记录和保存档案的，另一方面因为以前国王时常亲自在此坐堂问案。作为以前国王御前会议的一部分，依据其性质和组成，它不可能固定于一地，而是随国王四处巡游，待到几个世纪之后，皇家法院正式建成，它才固定在威斯敏斯特，但仍可依国王意志移动。与另两个普通法中央法庭相比，无论在权力还是地位方面，王座法庭都更高一筹，其首席法官被称为英格兰皇家首席大法官〔Lord Chief Justice of England〕，位居其他普通法法官之先；以前它还可以受理来自民诉法庭和财税法庭的上诉案件；另外它还能通过具有特权性质的职务执行令〔writ of mandamus〕——该权力另两个普通法中央法庭也享有，禁令〔prohibition〕和调卷令〔certiorari〕对下级法庭、治安法官〔magistrate〕及公共法人〔civil corporation〕以及对权利开示令〔quo warranto〕和人身保护令〔habeas corpus〕的申请等程序享有特别管辖权。王座法庭的职能分民事〔plea side〕和王事〔Crown side〕两方面，其民事司法管辖权起初只限于当事人为国王的直属封臣〔tenant in chief〕或王室人员的案件，后来通过米德尔塞克斯令〔Bill of Middlesex〕获得了除不动产权益诉讼〔real actions〕和涉及财税的案件之外的一切对人之诉〔personal action〕的管辖权，1832年的一项法令则正式授予了它对这些案件的管辖权，对这些案件的上诉管辖权归财政署内室法庭〔Court of Exchequer Chamber〕。王事方面的管辖权包括上面谈到的上诉和特别管辖权，还包括刑事管辖权。在普通法方面，王座法庭是主要的刑事法庭，对刑事案件可以有初审管辖权，下级法庭的刑事案件在一定条件下可通过调卷令移至王座法庭。1873-1875年的司法改革将王座法庭的司法管辖权移给了高等法院〔High Court〕，它原来的英格兰皇家首席大法官和其他五位常任法官组成了高等法院王座分庭，受理原属它管辖的案件。1881年，高等法院的民诉分庭、财税分庭并入王座分庭，组成了新的王座分庭。 (→Court of Common Pleas; Court of Exchequer; Lord Chief Justice of England)
moral right
moral right. (usu. pl.) Copyright. The right of an author or artist, based on natural-law principles, to guarantee the integrity of a creation despite any copyright or property-law right of its owner. • Moral rights include rights of (1) attribution (also termed “paternity”): the right to be given credit and to claim credit for a
jurimetrics
jurimetrics (joor-[schwa]-me-triks), n. The use of scientific or empirical methods, including measurement, in the study or analysis of legal matters. — jurimetrician (joor-[schwa]-me-trish-[schwa]n), jurimetricist (joor-[ schwa]-me-tr[schwa]-sist), n. “A variety of contextual frames of reference have been employed by commentators to explain and clarify the basis for judicial decision-making, the most fundamental aspect of the judge’s
fly for it
fly for it. Hist. To flee after allegedly committing a crime. • The ancient custom in criminal trials was to ask the jury after its verdict — even a not-guilty verdict — “Did he fly for it?” The purpose was to enable the jury to find whether the defendant had fled from justice. A defendant
accessory after the fact
An accessory who was not at the scene of the crime but knows that a crime has been committed and who helps the offender try to escape arrest or punishment. 18 USCA § 3. • Most penal statutes establish the following four requirements: (1) someone else must have committed a felony, and it must have
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solicitor general
solicitor general. (usu. cap.) The second-highest-ranking legal officer in a government (after the attorney general); esp., the chief courtroom lawyer for the executive branch. — Abbr. SG. Pl. solicitors general. “By [federal] law, only the Solicitor General or his designee can conduct and argue before the Supreme Court cases ‘in which the United States is